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Objective To provide evidence for the long-term development of biobank in China,we retrieved literature on biobank for analyzing the development status and trend of Biobank in the world and China.Methods Using the topic of "Biobank" to search articles from 2008 to 2017 in the core collection of Web of ScienceTM,we conducted statistical analysis covering the annual published quantity,the corresponding national/regional distribution,h-index,and the authors of these articles.Results A total number of 2012 articles on Biobank published from 2008 to 2017 were retrieved from the core collection of Web of ScienceTM,in which the annual published quantity on Biobank in the world and China was basically similar,and was on the upward trend;among them,the top three countries/regions with the published quantity were United States,England and China;the top three countries/regions with the h-index were United States,England and the Netherlands,and China ranked fifth;the cooperation degree and co-authorship rate of the authors in China were higher than that in the world.Conclusions The annual growth trend of published quantity on Biobank in China is basically consistent with that in the world.Chinese Biobank plays an important role in the world,and the Chinese researchers on biobank attach more importance to cooperation.However,the scientific research achievements with significant academic influence need to be further improved.Therefore,in order to build a standardized and high-quality biobank,Chinese biobank still needs innovation and exploration continuously.
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Objective To provide evidence for the long-term development of biobank in China,we retrieved literature on biobank for analyzing the development status and trend of biobank in the world and China.Methods Using the topic of "Biobank" to search articles from 2008 to 2017 in the core collection of Web of ScienceTM,we conducted statistical analysis covering the annual published quantity,the corresponding national/regional distribution,h-index,and the authors of these articles.Results A total number of 2012 articles on biobank published from 2008 to 2017 were retrieved from the core collection of Web of ScienceTM,in which the annual published quantity on biobank in the world and China was basically similar,and was on the upward trend;among them,the top three countries/regions with the published quantity were United States,England and China;the top three countries/regions with the h-index were United States,England and the Netherlands,and China ranked fifth;the cooperation degree and co-authorship rate of the authors in China were higher than that in the world.Conclusions The annual growth trend of published quantity on biobank in China is basically consistent with that in the world.Chinese biobank plays an important role in the world,and the Chinese researchers on biobank attach more importance to cooperation.However,the scientific research achievements with significant academic influence need to be further improved.Therefore,in order to build a standardized and high-quality biobank,Chinese biobank still needs innovation and exploration continuously.
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[Objects]To isolate and identify the pathogen of the large outbreak of dengue in Guangdong province in 2014. To understand the origin and the phylogenetic characteristics of the isolates ,and provide scientific foundation for the surveillance and prevention of dengue fever.[Methods]Collected the patient serum samples over all the Guangdong province during the 2014 outbreakperiod,isolated and identified the virus from these samples. Amplified complete E gene and complete genome with certain primers and sequenced all the products. Then the Phylogenetic ,Bayesian phylogeography and mutations analysis were carried.[Results]40 DENV-1 strains were isolated and identified. 40 complete E gene sequences and 6 complete genome sequences of DENV-1 were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis with E gene sequences revealed that the 40 isolates were classified into two genotypes including 16 genotypeⅠ(Asia)and 24 genotypeⅤ(America/Africa). 14 genotypeⅠisolates were clustered closest with isolates from Guangdong province(2013)and Sigapore(2013)which share the nucletide identities of 99.6% ~ 99.9%,other two genotypeⅠisolates were clustered with strains from Malaysia (2013) and both share the nucletide identities of 99.7%;24 genotypeⅤisolates were all classified in one clade with striains from Bangladesh(2009),China(2009)and Bhutan(2013)which share nucletide identities of 99.0%-99.9%. Further analysis with six complete genome sequences showed that five isolates were clustered closest with strains isolated from Guangdong province(2013)share the nucletide identities of 99.6%-99.8% while the sixth stains closest with strains isolated from Myanmar(2002)share the nucletide identities of 98.8%. The isolates have five amino acid mutations compared with strains epidemic in Guangdong province in 2013,three mutations(S88V,E203G,T275R)are in the EⅡdomain and one mutation (S305P)is in the EⅢdomain which associated with virulence.[Conclusions]During the outbreak in Guangdong province in 2014, DENV-1 is the predominant causative serotype,and there are at least two different kinds of genotypes of DENV-1 largely epidemiced in the whole province. Evolution analysis reveals the multiple origins of the isolates which may origin from Guangdong province , Sigapore,Malaysia,Myanmar so that we should enhance the study and surveillance of autochthonous and vectors in order to understand the epidemic way of dengue in Guangdong province. The isolates have had four mutations in the domain associated with virulence which remain further study to know their biological effects.
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Objective To analyze the research status and development trend of the subject in the field of "induced pluripotent stem cells research" over the last decade.Methods Articles of the in duced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) between 2006-2015 were searched from web of science SCI database and analyzed based on bibliometrics.Results Through analyzing the 4 675 retrieved papers of iPSCs,we discussed the hot topics and study frontier in this field and compared the gap between China and other countries.Corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were also proposed.Conclusions The results indicate that,in this field,the article numbers of China present a synchronized growth trend while the high quality article numbers still lagged when compared with other countries.Meanwhile,we found that the research hotspots of iPSCs are shifting from basic research to applied research.It is hopeful to elevate the core competitiveness of China in iPSCs field through taking appropriate policy recommendations and measures from a management perspective as well as a research perspective in the future.
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Objective To analyze how to establish a quality control(QC) procedure covering the whole samples process within a hospital.Methods To analyze how the different sample handling stage require specific QC methods according to the processing demond of different stage.Results The QC at the original stage help to select proper sample type of specific disease according to its research purpose.The QC at the process stage help to ensure the proper handling procedure of disease samples according to the biological characteristics,which would provide reliable samples for the research.The feedbacks of sample research results to biobank help the biobank to obtain more understanding and more resource to ensure its sustainable development.Conclusions Analysis of the whole process QC on the management of biobank will facilitate and maintain the biobank with high quality and ultimately support the translational medical research.
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Objective To investigate whether inhibiting the expression of typeⅠ collagen gene is one of the mechanisms of action of electroacupuncture in improving knee osteoarthritis.Methods Forty male adult SD rats were randomized into normal, model, medication and electroacupuncture group, 10 rats each. A rat model of MIA-induced knee osteoarthritis was made by injecting monomer sodium iodoacetate (MIA) and driving rat movement. After model making, the medication group received an oral gavage of celecoxib dissolved in 10% DMSO and the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture at points Zusanli and Yanglingquan. Pain thresholds and the levels of cartilage expression of typeⅠ collagen mRNA were compared between various groups of rats before and after treatment.Results There was a statistically significant difference in pain threshold between the model, medication or electroacupuncture group of rats and the normal group after model making (P0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the expression of typeⅠ collagen mRNA between the model, medication or electroacupuncture group of rats and the normal group (P0.05).Conclusion The mechanisms of actions of electroacupuncture and medication in treating knee osteoarthritis may be related to inhibiting the expression of typeⅠ collagen mRNA.
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Introduced in this paper are the current situation of biobank in China in the context of precision medicine.As a vital platform of precision medicine,biobank constitutes a resource support for this plan.Establishing high quality biobank has important implications for the implement of precision medicine in China.This paper focused on the problems existing in biobank development in the context of precision medicine and put forward corresponding countermeasures as well as suggestions.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical features and gene mutation of Chinese children with Alport syndrome(AS).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>From May 2011 to May 2014, clinical and pathological information gathered from 25 patients was retrospectively analyzed. COL4A5, COL4A4 and COL4A3 genes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing in these patients, and gene mutations of related family members were identified by Sanger method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Of these 25 cases, 19(76%) had X-linked Alport syndromes (XL-AS), 6 had autosomal recessive Alport syndromes (AR-AS). Twenty five patients had an onset of hematuria and proteinuria and in 8 cases the disease was induced by upper respiratory tract infections. Hearing loss was present in 2 of 25 (8%) cases and ocular lesions in 1 of 25 (4%). Renal pathology showed that 16 of them had minimal change disease (MCD), 8 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPNG), 1 focal segmental glomerulo-sclerosis (FSGS). Extensive lamination and split of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) dense layers were found in 2 (8%) of 25 patients. Twenty one of 25 patients (84%) showed abnormal renal α-chain distribution. COL4A5, COL4A4 and COL4A3 genes of 25 patients (23 families) were analyzed and 24 pathogenic mutations were identified: 18 in COL4A5, 1 in COL4A3 and 5 in COL4A4. It was observed that 13 patients inherited the mutation from the mother, 3 patients inherited from the father, 2 patients inherited 1 mutation from the mother and another mutation from the father, and 7 patients carried the novel mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XL is the main inherited type in AS. Most of patients showed MCD and MsPNG in renal biopsy. This research examined 24 mutations and 16 mutations were not reported previously.</p>
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Child , Humans , Deafness , Genes, Recessive , Genotype , Hematuria , Kidney , Mutation , Nephritis, Hereditary , Genetics , Pathology , Pedigree , PhenotypeABSTRACT
To summarize the clinical experience of Prof. Yan Jun-bai in treating rheumatic arthritis (RA) with suppurative moxibustion and aim to guide acupuncture treatment for RA. Prof. Yan believes that contributing factors of RA include external contraction of pathogenic factors, obstructed flow of qi and blood, internal phlegm-turbidity (due to deficiency of healthy qi or improper diet), and obstruction or malnourishment of meridians. As a result, the treatment strategies are to warm yang, remove pathogenic factors, and tonify the liver, spleen and kidney. Suppurative moxibustion is a reliable therapy for RA.
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Objective To identify the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the differentiation and apoptosis of different types of neuroblastoma(NB) cell lines.Methods The cell lines [SK-N-SH,SK-N-BE2,SH-SY5 Y] were induced with different concentrations (0 μmol/L,1 μmol/L,3 μmol/L,5 μ mol/L and 7 μ mol/L) of arsenic trioxide for 24 h,48 h,72 h under the same conditions.The expression of MYCN gene was examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization assay in SK-N-BE2,cell proliferation,cell cycle and cell apoptosis were detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry.Results 5 μmol/L of As2O3 inhibited the expression of MYCN gene in SK-N-BE2;CCK-8 assay indicated that As2O3 inhibited the proliferation of NB cell in a dose-and time-dependent manner,the cell proliferation was significantly suppressed compared with the low concentration (1 μ mol/L) after treated with As2O3 by 1 μmol/L,3 μmol/L,5 μmol/L and 7 μmol/L in 24 h,48 h and 72 h,SH-SY5Y:24 h(chisq =9.666 7,P ＜ 0.05),48 h (chisq =9.666 7,P ＜ O.05),72 h (chisq =9.512 8,P ＜ 0.05);SK-N-SH,24 h (chisq =10.38,P＜0.054 6),48 h(chisq=8.641 0,P＜0.05),72 h(chisq=9.461 5,P＜0.05);SK-N-BE2:24 h (chisq =8.435 9,P ＜0.05),48 h(chisq =8.641 O,P ＜0.05),72 h(chisq =9.545 5,P ＜0.05);compared with the control group,the As2O3-treated cells showed increased apoptosis percentage,with the percentage of 1.6％ (0 μmol/L),3.8％ (1 μmol/L),6.1％ (3 μmol/L),10.4％ (5 μmol/L),40.2％ (7 μ mol/L);the cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase,which prevented cell division.Conclusions (1) As2O3 play an important role on the NB cells proliferation,apoptosis which were dose-and time-dependent manner.(2)As2O3 can inhibit the expression of MYCN gene.(3)As2O3 also could block NB cell cycle at S and G2/M,and inhibit the cell nucleus replication and the As2O3 had different induced effect between different types of NB cell.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the new biomarkers of acute kidney injury, as well as to confirm the values of response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32) for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury by comparing the values of serum creatinine (Scr) and cystatin C (CysC) in children who had undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sixty-seven patients who had accepted CPB were recruited from the cardiac surgery intensive care unit, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from March to June 2013 and assigned to acute kidney injury group (group AKI) or non-acute kidney injury group (group non-AKI), on the basis of the definition by the pediatric RIFLE (pRIFLE) criteria. Also 30 healthy control children were recruited. Serum samples were taken regularly from each patient after CPB at 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h for RGC-32. Serum samples were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which was employed to determine the levels of serum RGC-32. Scr and CysC were analyzed by HITACHI 7180 automatic biochemical analyzer. All the data were analyzed by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) and area under curve (AUC).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The incidence of AKI was 34% (23/67), including 15 cases with risk stage AKI, 4 cases with injury stage AKI, 3 cases with failure stage AKI, 1 cases with loss stage AKI. Three out of four subjects with Failure stage AKI and the one case with Loss stage all accepted renal replacement therapy. CPB group had a higher level of serum RGC-32 than that of pre-operation after CPB 30 minute [(2.88 ± 0.68) µg/L vs. (1.39 ± 0.31) µg/L, P < 0.05]. At the same time, comparing with the non-AKI group, the levels of serum RGC-32 were higher than that of controls 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h and 48 h after CPB (t = 2.560, 2.180, 2.818, 2.226, 3.017; P < 0.05). The values for the AUC were determined for RGC-32 as 0.770, 0.707, 0.768, 0.728,0.723 and 0.770 after CPB 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The values for sensitivity of serum RGC-32 30 min, 2 h and 4 h after CPB was 0.914, 0.824, 0.824 and the values for specificity of serum RGC-32 was 0.619, 0.667, 0.810, respectively. But the values for sensitivity of CysC was 0.625, 0.813, 0.813, and specificity 0.571, 0.619, 0.571, respectively. The values for sensitivity of Scr was 0.625, 0.625, 0.813 and specificity was 0.571, 0.571, 0.524, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitivity of serum RGC-32 for detecting AKI was much higher than that of Scr and serum CysC in children who had accepted CPB, and that RGC-32 may be a new biomarker for early detection of AKI. However, the conclusion needs to be further elucidated.</p>
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Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Acute Kidney Injury , Blood , Diagnosis , Area Under Curve , Biomarkers , Blood , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Case-Control Studies , Cell Cycle Proteins , Blood , Creatinine , Blood , Cystatin C , Blood , Heart Defects, Congenital , General Surgery , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Muscle Proteins , Blood , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Blood , Postoperative Complications , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection at Neiguan (PC 6) plus acupuncture in treating insomnia due to heart-kidney disharmony. Methods: A hundred patients with insomnia due to heart-kidney disharmony were randomized into an observation group and a control group. Fifty-three cases in the observation group were intervened by acupoint injection at Neiguan (PC 6) plus acupuncture; while 54 cases in the control group were intervened by acupuncture alone. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was evaluated before and after intervention, and the therapeutic efficacies of the two groups were compared. Results: Acupoint injection at Neiguan (PC 6) plus acupuncture produced significantly higher efficacies in improving sleep quality, shortening sleep latency, and enhancing sleep efficiency than acupuncture alone (P Conclusion: The two groups both can improve the condition of insomnia; acupoint injection at Neiguan (PC 6) has significant advantages, manifested by a higher therapeutic efficacy for insomnia due to heart-kidney disharmony, higher safety evaluation, efficiency, and less adverse events, thus proper for clinical application.
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Human embryonic stem cell (hES cells) lines can be derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of preimplantation blastocysts.hES cells are commonly defined as undifferentiated pluripotent cells that can proliferate and have the capacity of both self-renewal and differentiation into one or more types of specialized cells.hES cells remain undifferentiated when culture on feeder layers,such as murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs).It is believed that various factors secreted from feeder layers are necessary to prevent hES cell from differentiation.In this review,we will summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various types of feeder cells by which a reference for future research will be provided.
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Objective A lot of drugs have side effects on the central nerves system. Especially in children. In vivo neurotoxicity tests are time-consuming and expensive. The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells provides all ideal in vitro system that Can be applied to evaluate neurotoxicity of drugs. This study was to try to establish such a system. The kainie acid was selected to test the neurotoxicity. Methods The human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were indueed to differentiate into neural cells by a chemically defined neural induction medium. The induced neural cells were propagated in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor. Immunocytochemical staining Was applied to confirm these cells' neural identity. The induced cells were propagated under different concentration of kainic acid, then the gosh curve were made based on the cell numbers. Results Both of the human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells could be efficiently induced to be differentiated into neural cells. The neural differentiation efficiency of human embryonic stem cells is higher than that of human amniotic fluid stem cells. The kainic acid has neurotoxieity to the indueed neural cells. Conclusions The neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells were proved to provide a rapid and convenient approach for estimating the neurotoxlcity of drugs.
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[Objective]This study was designed to investigate the genetic evolution of the neuraminidase(NA)gene of seasonal A/H1N1 and 2009 novel A/H1N1 inflilenza virus,and discuss the genetic variation of influenza A virus.[Methods]The virus strains were separately isolated from the clinical samples collected in 2006 and 2009,and then identified as seasonal A/H1N1 and novel A/H1N1.The full length of the NA gene of these strains was amplified by RT-PCR.Then the genetic evolution and mutations of important functional sites were analyzed.[Results]The homology of NA gene between the 2009 novel A/H1N1 isolates and 2006 seasonal A/H1N1 isolates was low(77.9%～78.8%),so was the homology of NA gene between the 2009 novel A/H1N1 isolates and representative strains of different periods and 1979-2001 WHO recommended vaccine strains(78.1%～79.3%).But compared with the WHO recommended vaccine strains of 2009 novel A/H1N1,the homology reached more than 99%.The genetic evolution analysis revealed that NA gene of 2009 novel A/H1N1 had the closest genetic relationship with the swine influenza A virus(A/swine/Belgium/1/1983)from Eurasian Iineage,and some of the antigenic sites and neuraminidase active sites of NA gene of seasonal A/H1N1 were mutated after 2005.[Conclusion]The NA gene of 2009 novel A/H1N1 may originate from Eurasian Iineage of swine influenza virus.The variation of NA gene of seasonal A/H1N1 has occurred in a certain degree.Hence,it is very necessary to continuously monitor the variant of influenza A virus.
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BACKGROUND: The establishment of amniotic fluid derived stem cells (AFS) can provide an individual reserve for cell therapy in nerve degenerative diseases.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Noggin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on AFS differentiation into neural cells.METHODS: Samples of amniotic fluid were obtained through amniocentesis by ultrasound from gestational age of 16-22 weeks for routine prenatal diagnosis. AFS were obtained from the 2~(nd) trimester amniotic fluid samples by immunomagnetic beads selection using CD117 antibody, and identified the surface antigen expression by flow cytometry after amplification. The 3~(rd) generation of AFS with good growth state were induced to differentiate into nerve cells, which were divided into the blank control,based-induced, Noggin-induced and bFGF-induced groups. The induced cell morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast microscopy, and the expression of nestin, β-Ⅲ tubulin and neurofilament in the induced cells was measured by using cell immunofluorescence detection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry analysis indicated that most of AFS cells expressed CD44 and HLA-ABC, but negative for CD45 and HLA-DR. At 2 weeks after induction, the cell morphology exhibited significant changes with increased Nestin,β-Ⅲ tubulin and NF-positive rates in the bFGF-induced group. However, it had no significant difference in the Noggin-induced group and the based-induced group. It revealed that bFGF plays a vital role in the AFS differentiated into nerve cells.
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Objective To detect dengue virus infection by serological method and to determine the sequences of E gene of dengue virus isolated from Guangzhou in 2006.so as to clarify the possible origin of dengue fever.Methods IgM and IgG antibodies to dengue virus were detected by immunochromatographic test(ICT);NSI antigen and IgM antibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The virus was cultured and isolated from the serum samples within 2 days using C6/36 cell lines and was identified by immuno-fluorescence assay(IFA)and RT-PCR.The E gene of isolated virus DV1-GZ42/06 was sequenced;homological analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis were performed by comparing with the reference strains and epidemic virus strains.Results The positive rates of IgM and IgG of dengue virus in patients were 89.5%(433/484)and 38.0%(184/484)by ICT,respectively.The positive rates of NS1 antigen were 92.7%(38/41)in day 1 to day 2,83.3%(70/84)in day 3 to day 5,and 10.9%(5/46)in day 6 to day 10;and the IgM detection rates were 2.4%(1/41),51.2%(43/84)and 97.8%(45/46)at the same period by ELISA.Twenty-five strains of dengue virus were isolated from 41 serum samples(6 1.O%)and were identified as type 1 dengue virus by IFA and RT-PCR.The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the E gene showed that the homology between the isolated Guangzhou/42/06 strain and standard strain Hawaii/45 was 94.6%.and it had a high homology with the Thailand/NI09V104,Vietnam/06.and Vietnam/07 isolates(99.0%,98.6%and 98.6%,respectively)and belonged to the same cladogram,but had low homology with the isolated strain from Guangdong before 2006.Conclusions The detection of NS1 antigen is important in the early diagnosis of dengue fever.The outbreak of dengue fever in Guangzhou in 2006 was possibly caused by the cases from neighboring countries.